GRAMATICO

The adjective

It takes only the brand of the plural in i and only if it is placed before the name :
 - lis obro bello - li bellis obro
 - li fueio jauno - li jauni feuio
 - li cansoun vieio - li vieii cansoun

The custom of the adjective is much more frequent in provençal than in english :
 - Lou bon dòu jour
 - Lou marrit de l'istòri
 - Lou mouisse de la niue

Suffixes

Very wide-spread in the Romanic languages, they bring to the name and to the adjective the nuance and the precision wanted : voulus :

Augmentatif :
as- asso
very often pejorative, but not always :    li chinas di Pirenèu - es uno obro grandasso
 isme
only arts teacher : autisme - bellisme

Diminutive :
et - eto - elo - erello - ounet - ouneto
 - frisquet, frisqueto, cantarello, enfantounet, enfantoun, chatouno

Finally the suffix can indicate the relation male-feminine :
 - cantaire - cantairis ; emperaire - emperairis : jougaire - jougarello ; dansaire - dansarello ; courreire - courriolo ; poueto - pouetesso ; mestre - mestresso ; baile - beilesso

The verbs can also takes prefixes and suffixes :
 - enbòumianando - fasié uno vido enfadado

Suffixes ac and argue :
Diverted from the Latin,they indicate the membership, the property of :
 - Florac, Gaillac, Vendargue...
and very rarely a deformation of the word "aigo" :
 - Fontdargue

The possessive adjectives

moun
 		ma
 		mi
 		nostro (e)
toun
 		ta
 		ti
 		vostro (e)
soun
 		sa
 		sis - si
 		soun - sa

One removes the "r" when the possessive adjective is placed before :
 - nosto maire, la lengo nostro

The possessives  pronouns

They are more used on Provençal than of English :
mine (m)
 		= lou miéu
 		mine (f)
 		= la miéuno
your (m)
 		= lou tiéu
 		your (f)
 		= la tiéuno
him, her (m)
 		= lou siéu
 		him, her (f)
 		= la siéuno
our (m)
 		= lou nostre
 		our (f)
 		= la nostro
your (m)
 		= lou vostre
 		your (f)
 		= la vostro
their (m)
 		= lou siéu
 		their (f)
 		= la siéuno

The possessives pronouns translate :
it is mine
 		= es miéu
 		it is our
 		= es nostre (o)
it is your
 		= es tiéu
 		it is your
 		= es vostre (o)
it is him (her)
 		= es siéu
 		it is him (her)
 		= es siéu

to translate "appropriate for one" :
it is their own portrait - es soun retrat siéu

To translate : at home = au miéu ; at you's = au tiéu ; at him's = au siéu

The personal pronouns

The subject pronouns :
They are used only in the emphatic shape :
 - parle iéu -  I speak  ;   l'as fa tu ? - and you, did you do it ?   ;   èlo canto - she, she sings   ;   èu plouro - he, it cries
I
 		= iéu
 		you
 		= tu
 		he, it, she
 		= èu, elo
we
 		= nous
 		you
 		= vous
 		they
 		= èli

the subject pronouns are often used in the place of the complements:
 - ven emé iéu

Les pronouns complements :
me
 		te
 		se
nous
 		vous
 		éli

Use to be retained :
in the imperative, one use "se" à la place de "nous" : despachen-se

The place of the personal pronouns :
If the subject pronoun is, when it is used , generally after the verb (canto èu), the complements pronouns group before the verbe :
 - li quàuquis arlèri, que, lou plu pàu que possible, me venien vèire !   -   me lou voulès pas dire ?

Other pronoun staffs complements :
them = lis    ;    him = èu    ;    her = elo

Do not confuse "me" and "iéu" :
 - Me lou digué, à iéu (tu say it to me, to me)   -   Lou digué à'n-èu... a'n-elo

A particular case in the Provençal : "him" indirect object translate by " ié" :
 - digo-ié que vengue (say him(her) that it(he) comes)
 - douno-ié la man (help her(it))
 - touco-ié la man (hold the hand)

Relative pronouns :
Very important in Provençal where the relative form is preferablein the infinitive shape or in the present participle :
 - he should be cold, I see people running = dèu faire frè. Vese li gens que courron
 - I hear him(her, it) singing = l'ausisse que canto

which(who) = quàu (who is also inquiring) :
 - quàu es aquélo = who it is, her that

Relative pronouns are rare :
who, which (m)
 		= lou quàu
 		who, which (m p)
 		= li quàli
who, which (f)
 		= la qualo
 		who, which (f p)
 		= li quàli

Very important :
of, which, of which,whose... are translated by " que " :
 -the woman whose husband is a painter = la femo que soun ome es pintre